the article doesn't note this explicitly, but possession of testosterone without a prescription is a federal crime because testosterone is a Schedule III substance, and you can receive up to a year in prison accordingly on your first offense (and up to ten if you possess with "intent to distribute"). the scheduling also makes even legally acquiring testosterone a hurdle for a lot of trans and gender nonconforming people, because of how it's regulated:
“Criminalization has made it easy for pharmacists to deny my [testosterone] prescription, which has happened to me many times,” Artemis McGettigan, a trans student in Dearborn, Michigan, told Filter. “[Pharmacists] have told me in the past that ‘It’s corporate policy, they’re not allowed to fill that type of prescription … but I knew that was false because other CVS locations, for example, were able to fill it.” A CVS media representative told Filter that its policies “do not prohibit our pharmacies from filling testosterone prescriptions.”