Assigning a subnet is something you do on a router or a Layer 3 switch. A Layer 2 switch doesn’t care about subnets as far as switching is concerned.
TheEthyr
There's another variable here, which is the behavior that TCP and UDP flows have on each other. There are a number of TCP congestion management algorithms that have been developed over the years. This paper, for example, shows that BBR congestion control is very unfair to CUBIC. IOW, if one PC is using BBR and another CUBIC, the first PC will hog most of the bandwidth.
Similarly, QUIC, which is a UDP-based alternative to TCP originally developed by Google and used a lot by Chrome, is quite unfair to TCP as the images show.
Anyway, this is a bit off topic. The main point that the network is only as fast as the slowest link is correct.
Gaming doesn’t use a lot of bandwidth. OP says the brother plays 20 hours a week. Let’s say 80 hours per month. It would require an average bandwidth of about 15 Mbps during those 80 hours to consume 600 GB. Possible? Yes, but unlikely, especially since he’s not streaming his games.
It’s a long shot, but have you tried contacting the previous owners? You may be able to reach them through their real estate broker.
Those QoS settings are not useful. Since this is the Advanced - QoS section, is there a basic QoS section? There may be more settings there.
Did you check the send/receive rates on your Dad's PC?
The only other thing I can think of is an IP address conflict. Check you and your Dad's PC and make sure they are not using the same IP address.
Since you have fibre Internet, do you know where the ONT is located? Is there any other wiring located near the ONT besides the Ethernet cable leading to the useless cupboard? If there's coax, then MoCA is a good alternative to Ethernet. You could put the router near the ONT and feed the MoCA network. Then install one or more Wi-Fi Access Points in the house to provide Wi-Fi. Dump the Powerline adapters.
Here is a prototypical MoCA setup (courtesy of gocoax.com for a fibre Internet setup). Popular MoCA brands in the US are Actiontec (Screenbeam), goCoax and Motorola.
Does another computer, like a laptop, work on your son's connection?
I’m not 100% sure but it looks like a Leviton 47604-F6S. I think the 47611-C6 for Cat6 might fit. There’s also the 47603-C5 for Cat5e. See the full Leviton catalog. Please do your own research before buying anything.
LAG only works well when there is a sufficient diversity of traffic flows that can be distributed equitably across the child links. Since many LAG implementations hash only on MAC and/or IP addresses, the distribution can often be poor when there are only a few clients, as is often the case in a home network. This can possibly be finessed by careful assignment of IP addresses, but the point is LAG doesn't guarantee access to the entire aggregate throughput of the child links.
For this reason, I believe LAG is seldom worthwhile in a home network.
Maybe you didn’t change anything on the network but something may have changed on its own. A firmware update could have altered the network settings on a device, such as the MyQ Garage Hub. Maybe it changed its IP address and caused a conflict with the router’s IP address. You could check the IP address assignments in the router or the logs.