ELI5

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Explain it to me like I am 5. Everybody should know what this is about.

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Why does text add other colors to itself when displayed on a computer? Example image is a screenshot of text set to black on a webpage (media.kbin.social)

submitted 1 year ago by D-ISS-O-CIA-TED@kbin.social to c/ELI5@kbin.social

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[–] ShittyKopper@lemmy.blahaj.zone 9 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

sub pixel antialiasing. the individual pixels of your display are made up of (usually horizontal) "sub pixels" of red green and blue, and with clever use of colors your OS can triple the resolution of your text by individually turning those sub pixels on and off

[–] HeartyBeast@kbin.social 4 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) (2 children)

Looks like anti-aliasing - an attempt to make the text look smooth to your eyes by adding additional colours.

Can I ask what hardware/OS you are using? This almost looks like older sub-pixel rendering

[–] grahamsz@kbin.social 8 points 1 year ago

This is definitely Sub-Pixel Rendering.

Anti-Aliasing is a different technique that's makes sharp edges look softer by adding more grays, but generally it'd not add other colors as you see here. We also don't generally apply AA to small text as we actually want it to look crisp.

Sub-Pixel Rendering exploits the fact that each pixel of a typical LCD is made up of three color in a horizontal row.

If you had a perfectly white screen and wanted to add one black dot, the simplest way is to turn off the RGB of a single pixel. However you could also get the same effect by turning off the GB of one pixel and the R of the next pixel. This allows you to move the dot by 1/3rd of a pixel. This is what get exploited to make text more legible.

[–] D-ISS-O-CIA-TED@kbin.social 1 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I have latest update Windows 11, the latest update Google Chrome, and my PC hardware is:

3070ti GPU
Ryzen 7 5800x CPU
TUF Gaming x570 motherboard

So not really old hardware. But anti-aliasing sounds like the right answer, and it makes complete sense. Now I'd like to see what a webpage looks like without it!

[–] CurrMudgeon@kbin.social 1 points 1 year ago

I believe you can actually see what text looks like without this effect of you turn off ClearType text in windows display settings.

[–] HeartyBeast@kbin.social 2 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

Thanks for the clarification. I was a bit hazy (no pun intended)

[–] CarlsIII@kbin.social 1 points 1 year ago (2 children)

Related question: is what’s happening here similar to how on old Apple computers, if you look closely at white text, you can clearly see green and purple pixels within it?

[–] Gurfaild@feddit.de 2 points 1 year ago (1 children)

No - that was because of composite artifact colors, this is because of ClearType.

[–] HeartyBeast@kbin.social 2 points 1 year ago

Nope. Apple used its own sub pixel rendering approach - that wasn’t ClearType. Apple emphasised fidelity of letter spacing - for layout designers - which made fonts at small size famously ‘soft’ or fuzzy. I rather liked the effect, others didn’t.

They nuked in in MacOS Mojave with the rise of Retina displays

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonts_on_Macintosh#Subpixel_rendering

https://www.howtogeek.com/358596/how-to-fix-blurry-fonts-on-macos-mojave-with-subpixel-antialiasing/

[–] HeartyBeast@kbin.social 1 points 1 year ago

Exactly that. It was more pronounced Macs than Window boxes. I quite liked it