this post was submitted on 20 Jul 2023
10 points (100.0% liked)

Linux

1259 readers
106 users here now

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

Rules

Related Communities

Community icon by Alpár-Etele Méder, licensed under CC BY 3.0

founded 5 years ago
MODERATORS
 

Hello! I just set up timeshift on my EndeavourOS pc, but this time I chose BTRFS instead of rsync. I currently decided to store the snapshot on the same hard drive of my installation because, well, it's my only one. during the setup, it only asked me if I wanted to include the @home or not. using rsync, instead, it asked for a bunch of locations, and I could choose to include only dotfile, everything, nothing,... is this normal?
also, the snapshot took like... 1 second? with rsync it may take up to 5 minutes... is this normal? or am I backupping fried air?

you are viewing a single comment's thread
view the rest of the comments
[–] 0x4E4F@lemmy.rollenspiel.monster 3 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) (1 children)

Yep, you're doing it right... or at least that's how I do it as well, lol 😂.

A snapshot is exactly that, a snapshot. It doesn't take forever to create, like with rsync, it litelarly takes a second, even on very old rigs (775 or even older). It's basically a snapshot of what the current drive holds. If a file changes (gets added, removed, whatever), the snapshot grows cuz it needs to hold the older versions of the files (the ones saved at the time of the snapshot).

This might not be exactly how snapshots work in BTRFS, but this is what I gathered from using it with snapshots enabled. The older the snapshot, the larger the size of the snapshot (takes way more room cuz more changes have occured).

Also, it's wise to set up daily, weekly and monthly snapshots. I have it set up to hold 5 or 6 (can't really remember now) daily snapshots, 4 weekly and 2 montly. So basically, I can go back in time for a max of 2 months. I was thinking or raising the montly snapshots to 3 or 4, but I'm still not sure. Still, I wouldn't go lower than 2.

[–] tubbadu@lemmy.kde.social 1 points 1 year ago (3 children)

Also, it’s wise to set up daily, weekly and monthly snapshots

wouldn't this take a lot of disk space?

[–] flux 2 points 1 year ago (1 children)

Depends on how much you change per time unit.

I take full system backups every three hours, but the backups are thinned so that there are previous 24 hourly ones, previous n daily ones, previous m monthly ones, etc. Similar approach can be used with snapshots.

I don't currently use snapshots—I don't run btrfs anymore—but when I did, I did a snapshot every hour and kept them for 24 hours. But then I backed up the latest snapshot, which gives consistent backups, versus regular backups where files can change while you're doing them. I'm nowadays using bcachefs, but I don't quite trust its snapshots yet so I haven't started using them ;).

[–] 0x4E4F@lemmy.rollenspiel.monster 2 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I'm nowadays using bcachefs...

Haven't heard of this FS, so I checked the specs... was actually hoping to see a working RAID5/6 feature, but as it stands now it only supports RAID1/0/10. Too bad, would've considered it as a viable option to mdadm + BTRFS.

It said the code base was build on something stable, but it didn't say what, do you happen to know what FS this project is a fork of?

[–] flux 2 points 1 year ago

Too bad, would’ve considered it as a viable option to mdadm + BTRFS.

Currently I'm using bcachefs with LVM (which can do raid, but I currently only have one NVME SSD), though it indeed does have RAID1/0/10 support. But overall I expect it not to not make the same silly default choices as btrfs, such as not being able to start the system if a RAID1 component of your root filesystem is missing. And, supposedly, when the RAID5/6 becomes stable, it won't have the write hole problem.

It said the code base was build on something stable, but it didn’t say what, do you happen to know what FS this project is a fork of?

It's based on bcache :) by the same author, but of course bcache is not really a file system but rather some kind of object storage layer for the purpose of caching slower block devices and absorbing write load.

Bcachefs might be coming soon to the mainline kernel, so that's going to make it a lot easier to try out. Personally however I have lost one bcachefs (that FS was readable, though, and I have good backups), but I have also lost a btrfs before and seen reiserfs bugs, so I don't too heavily count it against it; overall I enjoy its stability when using basic functionality. I haven't dared trying snapshots with it yet..

[–] BCsven@lemmy.ca 2 points 1 year ago

Depends on your needs and if you want to include changes made to documents in home for example while you work during the day. For me the OS just does snapshotting when packages are updated so I can rollback if something breaks. The rest I do normal backups. because snapshotting is not backup if its on the same machine. Btrfs Send will let you push a snapshot elsrwhere though.

[–] 0x4E4F@lemmy.rollenspiel.monster 2 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) (1 children)

Nah, I got it set up on a P4 with a 20GB drive, takes about 2 or 3GB. As time progresses, older snapshots get deleted automatically by Timeshift 😉. So, say you got 4 daily set up, 4 weekly and 2 montly. Only the last 4 daily, 4 weekly and 2 monthly stay, the rest are deleted as new snapshots are created. That's the while point of having this setup, so you can go back in time, but you decide how long.

[–] tubbadu@lemmy.kde.social 1 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) (1 children)

woah! this is amazing! thanks for the help!!!

NP, glad I could help 😉 👍.