I'm not sure what you're asking. It kinda seems like your looking for advice on managing a team?
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Not exactly managing a team -- it's more a question of best practices around pull requests, version control, testing, code reviews, pair programming etc. I'm not interested in management, but I do I want to know what a well managed team ought to be doing!
They ought to have a manger/team lead interested in managing. An ad-hoc approach can only get you so far.
Though, you seem to be asking more about Devops than management. If you're making a startup, just cobble an MVP together using as little custom-built tools as possible and redo it if/when you get enough investment to be able to take the time and pay for the necessary resources to do it right and maintain it. You're going to want to redo your first version anway, better to not waste time and effort on complex solutions even if they're more appealing. Saas is your friend.
I always recommend the edX/Harvard CS50 course to anyone who has not had academic computer science experience.
I really like The Mythical Man-Month by Fred Brooks. It's originally from 1975, based on his experience in managing a team that wrote the operating system for a series of IBM computers. So it doesn't talk about modern tooling. But I do like the way it gives the lay of the land, so to speak. Lots of interesting ideas, and quite a lot of wonderful illustrations and diagrams too :)
This looks really interesting! I'll give it a go. Thanks!