Asklemmy

Python, and I like that I know it

Python for its versatility.

Rust for its strictness and speed.

After years, and many languages, I still have to say Ada. Kotlin, Rust, Julia, and Nim are my current contenders to overtake, but here's what Ada does well enough to still be my preferred tool when appropriate:

• strictness: typically my code works the first time it successfully compiles with few or no bugs. Rust is almost on par in this respect.
• structure: a corollary of the above is that it forces me to "plan ahead" more than just "start coding" which I find fits my programming style better, and leads to better "Unix Philosophy" product designs. I haven't found any other language that has the same effect other than maybe Haskell.
• speed: I honestly find that Ada code outperforms C/C++ code most of the time. The only times C/C++ outperform Ada is after optimizations that come at the cost of readability.
• multitasking: Ada's first-class tasks and protected objects are the only way I've ever been able to write bug-free concurrent programs that are more complex than async/await and/or producer/consumer structures (and I took a dedicated elective on concurrency at university!). Kotlin is almost on par in this respect with its coroutines.
• hardware: The fact that Ada basically ships with a hard real-time OS built-in and can compile to e.g. AVR means that all my fancy libraries I've written or saved work just as well for a desktop game, a website backend, or an embedded microprocessor. Just look into representation clauses and interrupt pragmas to see its unique powers.
• design: The whole design of the language has lead it to be the only language where I can consistently return to a multiple year old passion project with no attempt to write maintainable code, and fully understand what its doing and modify it with little effort.
• tooling: While this is the biggest downside of Ada (see below) gprbuild is still my favourite build tool. I have no idea why strongly-typed build systems aren't more common. Its always a joy to work in gprbuild, once you get gprbuild working of course.
• static polymorphism: Ada's generics are some of the best I've found. But they have some limitations that leads us into...

There are some situation where Ada shows its age:

• static calculation: I love Nim (and Zig, etc) for the ability to run arbitrary code at compile time. It allows me to describe what would normally be an opaquely initialized data structure or code path in a clear and descriptive manner.
• terseness: Ada is verbose, that's not such a big deal, but I find its just a tad too verbose which can lead to some slight difficulty when parsing code. func/proc (Nim) vs fun (Kotlin) vs fn (Rust) doesn't make much difference to me, but function X returns Y/procedure X starts to add a lot of visual noise to a file.
• web compilation: The ability for both Kotlin and Nim to compile to either ASM or JS is AWESOME. If I have to write a "full stack" application, Kotlin multiplatform with ktor every day.
• operator overloading: Only the built-in operators can be overloaded in Ada. It always makes me wish I could overload arbitrary operators. A small thing, but a symptom of...
• TOOLING: Ada's tooling is BY FAR the hardest I have ever seen to get working. It takes the "eat your own dog food" too far. The fact that even in Arch Linux you have to install a bootstrap package, then the real package shows how hard it is to get a consistent build environment. ALR is helping in this respect, but is still not quite mature in my opinion.

Here's when I use the alternatives, and their biggest weaknesses:

• Kotlin: anything where I want both one or more JS artifacts and one or more JVM/native artifacts. Weaknesses: performance, static analysis, on the fence about tooling (gradle is cool, but sometimes seems too over-engineered), Biggest weakness: IDE dependency, writing Kotlin outside of IntelliJ is a pain, which is somewhat fair given who maintains it!
• Rust: so close to beating Ada, if not for two things: ugly code - so many operators and glyphs that pollute the reading experience, maybe I'll get used to it eventually, but for now I can't scan Rust code, nor pick up and revisit it nearly as easily as Ada; language scale - I find Rust suffers from the C++ design attitude of "we can add this as a language feature" it takes too much mental effort to hold the entire design of the language in your head, which you sort-of have to do to develop software. Java and C are IMHO the undisputed kings in this respect. After reading through the specifications of both languages, neither will ever have any surprises in store for you. There's no magic under the hood or special case. All the cool features are done by libraries and rely on the same simple syntax. Every time I learn a new cool thing Rust can do, its at the expense of another edge case in the compiler that modifies my conceptual model of the code.
• Julia: multiple dispatch and mathematics plus clean module design and easy unicode incorporation leads to clean code for math-y/science-y code.
• Nim: templates and macros are excellent, concept system gives access to Rust-style traits without all of the additional "ugliness" of Rust, excellent performance, tiny executables. I just find that the syntax can get clunky. The UFCS easily cleans up a lot of the mess that Rust creates with its added features, since it keeps the parsing the same even when using some fancy language feature.

Thank you for attending my TED talk :P. Any questions?

C#. Strong core, a lot of convenience extensions, extensive ecosystem, great docs, great IDE (VS) with suggestions, refacs, lingers, etc.

PHP.

It picked a niche and fits exactly into it. It's a language for server side web pages. It's not a general purpose language shoehorned into the task, so it wisely sets boundaries. PHP could avoid a lot of async/await/promise hell because you can work in the mindset of HTTP requests-- terms of short lived requests that are compiled elsewhere. You don't have fragile runtime environments (see: server-side JS), since it just plugs into Apache or Nginx, which are at least battle tested and known quantities to operate.

It's batteries included. Hell, it's the entire Duracell company included. The standard library is rich and centrally documented, including decades of community nitpicks, even before you go into composer repos.

It's non judgmental. You can write procedural code, or object-oriented code, based on preference and fit to task.

It makes ad-hoc easy and formal possible-- If I need an array of [227, "Steve" => "meow", 953 => new FreightLocomotive()] I can get it, or I can enforce types where it's relevant and mitigates risk.

Python. I'm a data engineer by trade and the ability to just lay out functionality between different systems and move content fast is great. I know you can do that with many languages but python does scripting very well. And since by default I am working with remote/parallelized/containerized systems I never really lament pythons lack of speed.

Obviously python is not the only language in my workweek.

Python

It's real easy to just launch it and get a script going, no need to wait for and ide or a compiler, there's alot of nice modules, and it's really API friendly

I've spent more time in the blender python API than I'd like to admit

Lisp.

It just feels extremely natural to me, so it's difficult to pinpoint specific features I like. But two such features stand out: the parantheses-based syntax and the extreme interactivity.

Python. It's the only one I know :(

I've been trying to learn C# too but object-oriented programming just slides right off my smooth brain lol.

Probably the most unpopular opinion here but PowerShell.

My main reason is that it's extremely easy to learn and is a good intro to object orientated programming.

People bash it but it's extremely easy to inspect objects, get any properties and methods associated with that object or class, walk through all the properties of the object and transform that into whatever you need.

It has a very fast turnaround time when developing code as you can run tiny snippets at a time and understand their outputs before moving to the next bit.

I'm not a Dev and end up having to write python from time to time and I hate it. At one point I just needed to understand an object in a variable and I couldn't do it, the command dir exists but it didn't give me any of the info I needed. There's a function in PowerShell called Get-Member (alias: gm) that you can pipe anything to and it will show you all those details of the object.

It helped me tremendously when I was just starting out.

Its super powerful, it can do anything C# can do because it's built on it, you can also run inline C, C# and C++ code with on the fly compilation.

It's also OSS and cross platform.

Kotlin.

Take the good parts of Java.

Remove the bad parts of Java.

Haskel, It's kind of hard to do some stuff which are easy in other languages but if you find a good problem to solve with it, it's amazing how expressive you can be and how short your code gets compared to all the boilerplate code you have to write with other languages.

I like C….

On the one hand I like Lua for its elegant, minimalistic design. I enjoy writing Lua, most of the time when working on Neovim plugins.

On the other hand I value the raw expressive power of C++. It is a beast, but I enjoy taming it.

I've never been happier and more productive than when I was working in Perl. It's a language that, at its apex, had a community of incredibly smart and creative people evolving it and its ecosystem. It's a practical, powerful, multi-paradigm language that let me get work done with a minimum of fuss.

Perl was a language that felt like an extension of my thoughts, like it was working with me and for me. Most other languages feel like I am working for the compiler rather than the other way around. Or at the very least, spending unnecessary effort satisfying some language designer's personal pet peeve, which constantly takes me out of the flow of the job I'm trying to do.

Perl. Its installed everywhere I need to run it and stuff I wrote over 20 years ago is still doing exactly what it should.

Where's the love for VBScript?!

It's difficult to pick only one, but I'd have to say Ruby. The syntax is wonderful to work with, I can often implement the same logic in fewer lines of Ruby than other scripting languages I find, and it has constructs that make for elegant code like metaprogramming. It's certainly not the fastest language out there and those same concepts like metaprogramming can be abused, but ultimately I find it to be an excellently designed language that's a lot of fun to work with.

Javascript. I like the new ES6 syntax, and I like that it can run anywhere.

I haven't done much with it at all but Dart felt nice while I was using it.

Out of the ones I use often prob C#.

I hate them all... But I like the looks of Go, just wish it hade the properties of Rust. And I don't mind Python for scripting. And I know too much and too little C++ for my own good.

HTML 4, cause I leaned it in 1998 when I was 10 and it's the only language I know (besides English) .

Oh my favorite is Crystal. It's a statically compiled dialect of ruby.

It supports:

• Most of the ruby goodness: custom DSLs, patching classes/mixins (monkey patching instances is not supported)
• Compile time type checking (but it also uses duck typing)
• Coroutines / fibers that work across multiple threads (multi-thread support is still experimental, but from my experience works well)
• Possible to create small self-contained binaries (like go-Lang apps).

As much as I love the expressiveness of crystal, there are a few cons:

• It's slow to compile. Due to the dynamic nature of the language, the compiler needs to parse a lot of files (think C/C++) before it creates a binary.
• The number of libraries is very immature at the moment. Crystal is a young language and is missing support for things like aws.
• The library management mechism (called "shards" akin to ruby gems) is not great (in my opinion). There are helpful tools to create the scaffolding, but if you're pretty much stuck with the defined structure. For example you cannot have a single git repo that provides a library and an application that uses it.

Other than that, the type checking but with ruby-like syntax is awesome!

edit: fixed formatting

No one else said it… I like Java, and more than the language all the tools available around it. They have been adding to the language to cut down on the traditional verboseness, and it can even natively compile now** some of the time.

The tools are also great, with Springboot for web services and jOOQ for databases, you can very quickly have a web app with strong typed database objects.

Can't believe I scrolled all the way down and didn't find Scala. It's the only language with decent traction that beautifully and elegantly combines functional programming and object oriented programming. Scala makes it such that the language does not limit you into a certain paradigm. You can translate your algorithm in your mind into code regardless of how you thought of it. Incredibly flexible where you need it to be.

I'm probably the black sheep here, but I love Kotlin. It has the best parts of strong typed, object oriented languages and functional languages. Though I feel like it being designed to be bytecode compatible with Java really limits its applications. Even though they have a scripting language version of it, it really doesn't perform well as a scripting language because you need to compile it. I find myself always using Python for scripts instead.

Currently Zig. It really is "better C", and i like C.

Otherwise it would be Erlang, but it does not suit what i want to do now.

R. The Rstudio ide is awesome and the data wrangling packages are unmatched. It's also pretty fast as long as your dataset fits in your RAM.

I haven't programmed anything for years and it was all self learned so I'll always have a soft spot for delphi.

FORTH, but not because I actually use it regularly. A stack-based zero-operand postfix language? Every routine/word you define is like solving a puzzle.

Perl. I can use it after awhile away without having to look up how to do things. It adapts to the best style for what I need to do.

Scala. Multiparadigm. A touch of OO is nice in the functional world.