Depends on how progressive you want to go, as when you are bordering on noise, ambient and other fringe genres, there are lots of bands with little fame.
I have a single album from "Lento" that is pretty cool. Post-rock, powt hardcore, post metal kinds stuff.
Nero Di Marte is on the more extreme side, but flirts with prog.
Oranssi Pazuzu is prog and black metal together. Weird stuff, but good.
And a long time favourite: Circle. Lots of different kinds of albums, most pretty great. Awesome if you can catch them live.
Edit. More stuff and typos
There's this noiserock/prog group called Fushitsusha. The songs are long, winding and sometimes grinding romps. They have some traditional Japanese elements mixed in as well.
If you don't know about Mono, go have a listen. Especiall Hymn to the Immortal Wind. Stuff brings tears to my eyes.