this post was submitted on 08 Aug 2024
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Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

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I want to learn more about file systems from the practical point of view so I know what to expect, how to approach them and what experience positive or negative you had / have.

I found this wikipedia's comparison but I want your hands-on views.

For now my mental list is

  • NTFS - for some reason TVs on USB love these and also Windows + Linux can read and write this
  • Ext4 - solid fs with journaling but Linux specific
  • Btrfs - some modern fs with snapshot capability, Linux specific
  • xfs - servers really like these as they are performant, Linux specific
  • FAT32 - limited but recognizable everywhere
  • exFAT - like FAT32 but less recognizable and less limited
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[–] possiblylinux127@lemmy.zip 3 points 3 months ago* (last edited 3 months ago) (2 children)

Defaults

So Btrfs, ZFS and ext4 (ext4 is virtual only)

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[–] soundconjurer@mstdn.social 3 points 3 months ago

@Psyhackological
Work stations all run Ext4.
Main server: Ext4 on main partition, ZFS RAIDZ2 on the data.
Secondary server: BTRFS on main, BTRFS RAID1 on data.

If BTRFS could natively encrypt and had stable RAID6, I'd be using it probably on everything.

[–] savvywolf@pawb.social 3 points 3 months ago

I've been basically using btrfs on a lot of my disks because of the features it has.

Before I switched to a borg based system, my backups partition used btrfs for compression.

My main OS disk is btrfs so I can use timeshift snapshots, which are really worth checking out if you tinker with your system a lot.

I have two more btrfs partitions software raid0'd together for my steam library, nix store and other big but loosable things.

And my main home folder uses btrfs because I think the checksumming thing it does is more reliable for error detection, and cow is more fault tollerant on power failure?

... And I now fell like I'm one of those people with an over engineered storage solution. I just never get rid of old ssds or hard disks!

[–] drwho 3 points 3 months ago

Servers - btrfs. Fewer layers of abstraction, easier to manipulate.

Laptops - ext4. I don't do anything weird with the onboard storage, plus it supports fscrypt.

Flash drives - exFAT. I usually need to access them on multiple platforms and exFAT is about as cross-platform as VFAT (but supports bigger files).

[–] Mwa@thelemmy.club 3 points 3 months ago* (last edited 3 months ago)

NTFS Usally for windows,ext4 for linux,btrfs to install linux on,vfat/fat32 for cross platform compatibility

[–] lnxtx@feddit.nl 3 points 3 months ago

Depends. Slower desktop machines XFS.
Standard desktop XFS, if it has a smaller SSD, Btrfs.
Home server ext4/XFS + ZFS. Generic servers at work ext4/XFS, backup/storage servers ZFS.
Database server, experiment with ZFS with compression enabled - ratio 2:1, but encountered problems (probably a bad HBA model), standard ext4/XFS.
Hosts with virtualization, small server - XFS, big server - ZFS (technically a ZVOL).

[–] greywolf0x1@lemmy.ml 3 points 3 months ago

dual boot NixOS and FreeBSD on a single drive, ext4 on Nix and ZFS on FreeBSD. each partition has its own boot, swap and root, all encrypted

btw, OP wrote that FAT32 is limited, isn't it the default fs for the boot partition? can other fs like ext2/3 be used?

[–] CatLikeLemming@lemmy.blahaj.zone 3 points 3 months ago (2 children)

Btrfs because it sounded cool when I first read about it and worked fine so far :3

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[–] rem26_art@fedia.io 2 points 3 months ago

I've got Btrfs on my desktop for the OS drive cuz that was what Fedora recommended when I was installing it. It took a bit of effort to get snapshots working properly, but other than that, I've had no issues with it at all over the past year. I've got an exFAT drive and an NTFS drive in there that are kind of leftovers from using Windows. I've been thinking about reformatting the exFAT drive to ext4 or something, since all it really does is store games, and having the ability to symlink to it would be nice.

I've got a TrueNAS machine as well and that uses ZFS for pretty much everything.

[–] rjek@feddit.uk 2 points 3 months ago (1 children)

ext4 because I value my data and don't want to lose it. I used to mess about with ZFS for mass storage but it's a university course to learn how to use and have decent performance.

I used to use XFS, but ext4 caught up.

And I used to use XFS... on something other than Linux.

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[–] cmnybo@discuss.tchncs.de 2 points 3 months ago

Most of my drives are EXT4, but I started using BTRFS a couple years ago and will be using it on all new installs from now on. I really like being able to make snapshots and compression reduces the install size quite a bit.

[–] Andromxda@lemmy.dbzer0.com 2 points 3 months ago

Btrfs on my Linux desktops and laptops, ZFS on my server, APFS on my Apple devices I guess

[–] wazzupdog@lemmy.blahaj.zone 2 points 3 months ago

Depends on the device and the use case, mostly FAT32, exFAT, NTFS, EXT4

[–] VitabytesDev@feddit.nl 2 points 3 months ago (2 children)

ext4 on everything except external drives where I put NTFS.

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[–] unn@lemmy.ca 2 points 3 months ago (2 children)

Btrfs, but if I'd start from scratch today I'd go for bcachefs.

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